85TheCosmicEngine

=8.5 The Cosmic Engine (30 indicative hours) =

//Contextual outline//
The Universe began with a singularity in space-time. After the initial explosion, the Universe started to expand, cool and condense, forming matter. As part of this ongoing process the Sun and the Solar System were formed over 4x109 years ago from a gas cloud which resulted from a supernova explosion. The condensing gas and dust that formed the Sun and the planets contained all its original elements. The planets were formed when matter came together under the influence of gravity.

This module increases students’ understanding of the history of physics, implications of physics for society and the environment and current issues, research and developments in physics.

//Assumed Knowledge//
Domain: knowledge and understanding:

Refer to the Science Stages 4–5 Syllabus for the following: 5.6.5a identify that energy may be released from the nuclei of atoms 5.7.1a describe the features and location of protons, neutrons and electrons in the atom 5.9.1a discuss current scientific thinking about the origin of the Universe 5.9.1c describe some of the difficulties in obtaining information about the Universe 5.9.3a relate some major features of the Universe to theories about the formation of the Universe 5.9.3b describe some changes that are likely to take place during the life of a star.

//Skills//
During this module teaching/learning activities should allow time to reflect on the relationships between the processes involved in the evolution of the Universe, the formation of stars and solar systems and the effects of solar and terrestrial processes on the Earth. Emphasis must be placed on the evidence for the processes and the effects that such processes have on the Earth's atmosphere. Skill development relies on teacher input to model skills that students may need further assistance in refining. The skill development in this program focuses on: ·  Accessing information from a range of resources, including popular scientific journals, digital technologies and the Internet; ·  Developing skills in selection of appropriate media to present information; ·  Identify examples of the interconnectedness of ideas or scientific principles; ·  Using models, including mathematical ones, to explain phenomena and/or make predictions; ·  Analysing information to identify examples of interconnected ideas or scientific principles; · <span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Summarising and collating information from a range of sources; <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Assess the reliability of first-hand and secondary information and data by considering information from various sources, and <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Assess the accuracy of scientific information presented in mass media by comparison with similar information presented in scientific journals. <span style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">

//Values and Attitudes//
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">This module aims to assist students to develop positive attitudes about themselves and positive values about learning and towards the environment. In addition the module will help students to value ethical behaviour in the assessment of ideas and the views of others. In particular this module aims to develop in students:

<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">a desire for critical evaluation of the consequences of the application of physics; <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">curiosity and critical thinking towards some of the //big questions// in science; <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">a tolerance of uncertainty and an acceptance of the provisional and evolving status of scientific knowledge; <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">be prepared to make informed judgements; <span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;">· <span style="font: 7pt 'Times New Roman'; msobidifontfamily: Symbol; msobidifontsize: 10.0pt; msofareastfontfamily: Symbol; msolist: Ignore;"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">to value and appreciate physics in becoming scientifically literate persons; and an ability to show flexibility and responsiveness to ideas and evidence as it arises. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-AU;"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">

Please ensure that the permission of the author(s) have been obtained. || Dot point summary for Expansion of the Universe || || If you find a newer version of the software, please edit this page. || Astromania || Freeware || Unzip the file to a temporary directory and run the install program || || Stella 2000 Planetarium Program || Time-limited trial ||  || Please check for broken links and edit accordingly.
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">Resources for 8.5 The Cosmic Engine **
 * **<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">FileName ** || **<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">Description ** || **<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">Notes ** ||
 * [[file:85phyprg.doc]] || Teaching program || ||
 * [[file:85phynot.doc]] || Student Module Notes || ||
 * [[file:Equivalence of Mass and Energy.ppt]] || Equivalence of Mass and Energy ||  ||
 * [[file:SUNSPOTS preso.ppt]] || Sunspots ||  ||
 * [[file:HistoryOfIdeas.ppt]] || History of Ideas ||  ||
 * [[file:CosmicEngine.doc]] || Cosmic Engine dot point summary ||  ||
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">Computer Programs (Windows) for 8.5 The Cosmic Engine **
 * **<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">FileName ** || **<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">Description ** || **<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">Status ** || **<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">Notes / Instructions / Website ** ||
 * [[file:AstroM.zip]]
 * [[file:hrcal22.zip]] || HR Diagram Calculator || Freeware || DOS program - input magnitude and spectral class and the program plots a star on a HR diagram ||
 * [[file:stla2000.zip]]
 * <span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">Useful Websites for 8.5 The Cosmic Engine **
 * **<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">Website ** || **<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">Description ** || **<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; msobidifontsize: 12.0pt;">Notes ** ||